Vehicle Dynamics

Vehicle Dynamics

The Vehicle Dynamics pack is made for engineers who want to study the behavior of a vehicle, specific equipment, or a subsystem.

DISCOVER Vehicle Dynamics

Your ultimate cost-effective and time-saving solution!

No more endless prototype development. With our cutting-edge simulation technology, you can virtually create, test, and fine-tune vehicles, equipments and systems until perfection, all within realistic environments and scenarios. Experience unparalleled efficiency and performance gains with every project. Our Pack is your partner from start to finish, empowering you to test innovative solutions and refine your designs like never before.

Benefits

Flexible model

Enhanced performance and accuracy

Features

Creation and tuning of a validated CALLAS vehicle dynamic model

Including the powertrain, suspension, aerodynamics and tires, and taking into account the data provided by the user.

More details

3 levels of edition are available:

Development of a vehicle.
And/or Development of a component (powertrain, Suspension, etc.).
And/or Development of an ADAS.

Description

CALLAS is a mix of functional and multi-body modelling. The objective of the functional modelling concept is to provide a flexible way to setup any technological solution; this is a necessity during the preliminary project. The advantage of this solution is to increase calculation speed with no impact on simulation validity.

The description for each component can be:

Measurements / manufacturers data sheets.
Results from specialized simulation / design software.
User model (plug-in, external software, etc.).

Characteristics

Engine

The engine performances are dependent on the environmental conditions (temperature, humidity)
The fuel consumption and pollution are calculated
Electric or hybrid powertrain can be define while keeping the engine

Transmission

Clutch, CVT and torque converter are available
The gearbox can have up to 20 gears, with short/long transfer, 2 reverse gears, automatic gearboxes have a lockup
The automatic gearbox strategy can be edited
Any conventional power distribution can be setup (FWD, RWD, 4WD)
Any kind of differentials (free, rigid, limited slip differential, viscous coupling, torsion, with locker, etc.)

Suspension

Nonlinear suspension elasticity (spring, damper and bumps)
The heave suspension of racing cars is available (mono-shock or 3 suspensions)
Dampers are sensible to travel acceleration and temperature
Anti-roll bars are nonlinear and have damping effect
Rigid and twist beam axles are available

Steering

All wheels can steer with individual nonlinear laws
Steering torque is calculated in detailed with extract kinematics

Tires

Tire grip model can be one of the standard Pacejka models (Michelin, Pacejka, MFTyre up to 5.2, etc.)
A physical model is available; the parameters are physical data easily understandable (not pure mathematical coefficients)
Pacejka converter to physical model is available
Temperature can vary
Grip is temperature dependent
Inflate pressure can be changed
Internal rubber (type ATS) for flat tire situations
Internal hard tire for flat rolling is available
Tire / ground interaction is calculated in 3D with a validated theory for sharp obstacles
Grip depends on ground properties (dry, wet, soft ground)
Aquaplaning is modelled
There is a specific low speed model based on tire elasticity (necessary for parking manoeuvres)

Electronics

ABS, ASR, ESP
Cruise control, automatic gearing and automatic clutch are available

Aerodynamics

Full wind tunnel map can be used
Wind in the earth referential from any direction and speed

Brakes

Brakes can be hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical
Limiters can be linked to wheel/axle travel, suspension pressure, etc
Retarder (electrical on gearbox, driveline, or valve at exhaust pipe)

Miscellaneous

It is possible to remove a load from reference state (inertia matrix is automatically recomputed)
Friction depends on vehicle load
The real sensors are also simulated (measurement artefacts, filtering…)
User can create defects on tires, brakes, engine, steering system, clutch, suspensions …

Engine and driveline

Electrical engine (with batteries and power generation by thermal engine)
Instant torque is time dependent
Mechanical or electrical driveline
Suspensions
Temperature can vary
Elasto-kinematic compliance are nonlinear with hysteretic effect
Steering column and rack/rod have nonlinear stiffness
Power steering map is variable with speed
Aerodynamics
Ground effect
Braking
Non-linear brake torque
Time response and hysteresis
Temperature influence and variation

Chassis

Vehicle can be loaded with static and mobile loads (oscillating masses or a liquid spread into several tanks)
The chassis can be flexible

Parametric exploration

Parametric exploration enables the study of how changes in one or more parameters within a system affect the behavior of the entire system under identical conditions.

More details

Two methods are available:

Modulation of a CALLAS vehicle parameter while observing its impact on vehicle behavior during a simulation (for example aerodynamic notch variations on the same circuit lap).
Modulation of a scenario parameter while observing its impact on the same vehicle (for example: speed variations when taking a corner).

Characteristics

Easily create and configure a “parametric exploration”
Automatically manage all “parametric exploration” runs using simple data entered by the user
Launch runs in a sequence or individually
Plot a selected graph after each run and make it immediately available to the user
Extract from each run the previously chosen criteria in order to plot the “parametric exploration” summary
Store each computation results file to enable further analysis
Store the runs to be able to work later on it

Prerequisites

Vehicle’s exploration is only compatible with CALLAS vehicle dynamics models

By using CALLAS, the performance of each component can be calculated individually

Even before the vehicle is built.This enables users to create a model that meets all requirements accurately.

Uses Cases

Modeling and Validation of vehicles, equipment, and systems

This Pack enables you to create a virtual system that closely mirrors reality, facilitating testing, modification, and validation before conducting real-world tests. Through tests conducted in lifelike environments and scenarios, driving simulation ensures that vehicle behavior aligns with expectations.

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